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Key Numbers |
| Total population (2008): 86 116 560 habitants |
| Human Development Index Ranking:
105 th out of 177 countries (2007-2008) |
| Gross national product per capita:
700 $US / habitant (2006) |
Population below poverty line:
14,8 % (2007) |
| GDP Structure (2007):
· Agriculture 19,5 %
· Industry 42,3 %
· Services 38,2 % |
| Life expectancy at birth:
71 years (2006) |
| Mortality rate under 5 years old (per 1000):
17 (2006) |
| Adult literacy rate (2002):
· Total 90,3 %
· Men 93,9 %
· Women 86,9 % |
Population with access to improved water source (2008): 92 % |
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Vietnam
A 330 000 km 2 country (60% of France), Vietnam measures 1600 km from its Northernmost point to its Southernmost and has more than 3000 km of coast line. Its neighbours are China , Laos and Cambodia . More than half of its territory is covered by mountains and plateau.
After a long period stricken with war (Indochina War 1945-1954, Vietnam War 1965-1975, and the reunification of the country in 1976), Vietnam today is a one party Socialist republic. Since the end of the 90's, Vietnam has been implementing an economic liberalisation policy. Even though these reforms (Doi-Moi) have been successful (since 1994, economic growth has been above 8% per year), they have benefited the South of the country much more than the North. Furthermore, rural populations make up 80% of the total population and have been undergoing pressure to meet rising production objectives while access to health and education services has become increasingly difficult. Rice consumption (90% of the national agricultural production, 3 rd exporter worldwide) has not risen despite a sharp increase in production. Women's workloads have increased while government support for preschools has drastically decreased. Maternal mortality is high (95/100,000).
Children have always occupied an important place in Vietnamese culture and tradition. Vietnam was the first country in Asia , and the second in the world to ratify the UN Convention for Children's rights. Vietnam 's National Plan of Action for Children lays out precise policy objectives in the areas of health, nutrition, education, childhood protection, water, sanitary infrastructure, culture and hobbies of children. Nevertheless, according to UNICEF, approximately 36% of children below 5 years old still suffer from chronic malnutrition. Much remains to be done, especially for children of ethnic minorities. Their rate of schooling is the lowest and their drop out rate the highest in all of Vietnam.
> History of E&D in Vietnam
Projet en cours :
> Early Childhood Development for Ethnic Minorities in North Vietnam
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